Add tests for architecture filtering

Note that there is something surprising here: `EXCLUDE_ARCHS` _filters_
the architectures (i.e. runs it as %arch%), while `ARCH_FILTER` matches
exactly. This is exactly backwards from what the names suggest.

However, I am leaving this as is for the time being since there are
possibly existing wrappers that use these two variables in this way; a
further investigation should be done to ensure that we can improve this
in some sense. If we make such a change, we should regard it as breaking.